High performance polymer materials indispensable to modern industry
Release Time:
2025-04-27
It is mainly formed by the polycondensation reaction between polyol and polyisocyanate.
Polyurethane (PU), also known as polyurethanes, is a high-molecular material with excellent mechanical properties, primarily formed through the polycondensation reaction between polyols and polyisocyanates. The unique characteristic of this material is its extreme plasticity, allowing for various forms of processing and shaping according to needs. Polyurethane has a long history, with its synthesis technology dating back to 1937. At that time, Professor Bayer successfully synthesized linear polyurethane resin using 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate and 1,4-butanediol as raw materials. This groundbreaking advancement laid a solid foundation for the subsequent development of polyurethane.
The diversity of polyurethane is reflected in its numerous classifications. Depending on different raw materials and synthesis methods, polyurethane can be divided into polyether type, polyester type, polyimide type, polyurea type, and other various types. These different types of polyurethane have different characteristics in performance and application, meeting the needs of different fields. For example, polyether polyurethane, due to its good water resistance and weather resistance, is widely used in coatings and adhesives; while polyester polyurethane, due to its excellent mechanical properties and wear resistance, plays an important role in the manufacture of tires, shoe soles, and other rubber products.
In addition, polyurethane can be made into a variety of practical materials. Among them, polyurethane plastics, especially foam plastics, are widely used in construction, transportation, home appliances, and other fields due to their lightweight, heat insulation, and sound insulation properties. Polyurethane fiber, commonly known as spandex, with its high elasticity and good recovery, has become an ideal material for making sportswear, swimsuits, and other clothing. At the same time, polyurethane rubber and elastomers also play an important role in sealing, shock absorption, and sound insulation due to their unique properties [3].
In summary, as a high-performance polymer material, polyurethane's unique properties and wide range of applications give it a pivotal position in modern industry. With the advancement of technology and in-depth research, the performance and application fields of polyurethane will continue to expand, making greater contributions to the development of human society.
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